Alexander the Great and Greek polices. This work can be divided into two parts: 1) Understanding the meaning of the word police and its crisis; 2) Relations between Alexander and Greek polices. Before 400-300 BC Greece was a great empire with a long history and culture. The first invention of a Greeks was the deductive proof, which was extraordinary step. Any other civilization has not reached idea of reception of the conclusions extremely on the basis of the deductive reasoning which is starting with obviously formulated axioms. The reason is a greek society of the classical period. Mathematicians and philosophers (quite often it there were same persons) belonged to the supreme layers of a society where any practical activities were considered as unworthy employment. Mathematics preferred abstract reasoning on numbers and spatial attitudes to the solving of practical problems. The mathematics consisted of a arithmetic - theoretical aspect and logistic - computing aspect. The lowest layers were engaged in logistic. In a greek society there were such a great names like Plato, Eratosthenes, Pythagoras, Euclid and Aristotle. They were a ancestors of a algebra and geometry. They've made a good work, they've deducted the rules and axioms that we still use in our life. For example, Pythagoreans deducted a theorem, which is now called "a Pythagoras' theorem". That is the one of the hundreds rules, theorems and axioms that were deducted by greek minds. Also Greece had a good states (polices). The most famous greek police were Athens. That was a democratic state, the first commercial center. Some people call Athens a slave society country. It's not so: Athens had slaves, but they were not a lot - around 18-20% of the population of the state. Athens was a prospering country. But a Greek empire fell down. What were the reasons we will try to understand now. At first let's think about the problem of the polices. In a book called "Греки и Александр Македонский" (Москва, Наука, 1993 p.5-13) it's said that in a classical works of XIX and of the beginnings of the XX century there is no problem about a polices. That is because it was realized simply like a part of the system 4 society. This system existed from about 2000-3000 BC and until the middle of the Middle age and internal divisions of such a huge period seemed to be not very important. For the other historians, modernizators, this topic also was not very important. They preferred a method that made closer the ancient world to the modern one - capitalistic. In a Soviet Union in the 20's and 30's years of a XX century the crisis of police was apprehended like a decline of a slave society. The opinion has changed in the 30's of XX century. It was changed by Heserbroek. He said that the police is not only a political, it's also a economic structure of the society. The crisis of the police was realized from the social and economic side, and ideological side was considered like a consequence. The basis of the crisis is the Peloponnesus war. At this time economy in the Athens fell down. That is because in the war the men were needed to fight, but there were no men in the agricultural land. A peasantry became poor: peasants sold their land and became a mercenary. Handicraft also was declined. In the time of war many of the neighbors of the country (police) stopped trading. As a consequence in that country many of the artisans didn't know where to sell their products. As a result of this crisis the social life of the police became different. The standard of the life decreased. The crime increased. Finally it was difficult to drive the police. But there are some scientists who denied the crisis concept. One of them is Shtaerman. She thinks that changes in the IV century BC were not so important in a society's life. Other topic is a cities of a Asia Minor and Alexander the Great. One of the scientists, who worked on this topic, is Droesden. He wrote about the generosity of the Alexander the Great, who returned to greeks the freedom. But Droesden supposed that it was a benefit to Alexander to give some freedom to the greek cities. He thought that it's better to have loyal cities in Asia Minor, that to have not stable polices in Greece, which can make a rising, and they did; but Alexander pushed them back and greeks were punished. But other historian doesn't think so. He thinks that for ancient states it was better to assault the cities and lands. The cities, that were taken by force, had been robbed. But cities, that complacently surrendered, were spared. Exactly this method were used by Alexander the Great. Evidence of the giving freedom to cities Beckerman named as some exceptions. The conquest of Asia was not only by the Macedonian forces, but also Greek - the members of a Corinthian union. But neither Greece, nor other states in Corinthian union hadn't got any conquered cities or other spoils. However, greeks didn't worried about such thing. Why? They wanted to take vengeance on Persians. Persians burnt greek cities and temples - Alexander the Great burnt Persepole, Persians came into Halide (Эллада) - Alexander took his army to Ekbatan. (Moscow, "Science", 1993 p.155-158) Thus Alexander conquered Persians, also subordinated Greek cities, which some of them he gave freedom. But he gave them not full freedom, he made that cities like an autonomy. According to greek concept of freedom, free police- it's independent country, that decides internal and xternal pilitics for itself. I.e. they had their own ruler, their own rules; but they couldn't make external politics. They couldn't fight with each other, but that was happened in Greece. The politics of the Alexander to a Asian cities were discovered by Ranovich (Ранович, "Эллинизм и его историческая роль". 1950 Институт Истории,Москва p. 49-58). He says that Alexander the Great needed the interior support because he didn't have enough money and military force. ............