Contents

Introduction

1. History of the University

2. City

3. Colleges

4. Opposition

5. Education system

6. What to do in Cambridge

Conclusion

Introduction

Cambridge University

"Hinc lucem et pocula sacra"

("From here, light and sacred draughts")

The second oldest university after Oxford in the English-speaking world, founded in 1209 by a group of students and teachers, who had fled from Oxford after a conflict with the local population. At Oxford and Cambridge form the so-called Oxbridge - the union of two of the most prestigious and oldest universities in England. The first college in Cambridge opened in 1284. The most famous building in Cambridge - the Cathedral of the Royal College. It was built almost a hundred years - since 1446, and became the greatest architectural structures. The choir boys of the cathedral of the Royal College every year, traditionally broadcast on television on Christmas Day. Pope John (John) XXII officially recognized University in 1318, but by the time it was already well established educational institution. Education in Cambridge, took many years, and after graduation was required for at least another 2 years to spend it as a teacher. Victorian reforms have contributed to that in 1869 opened Girton - the first women's college. University of Cambridge consists of a central department of the college, and 31 - 28 joint training and 3 women, in Cambridge, more than 100 departments, faculties and schools, which coordinates the General Board. Administrative body is the Board of Cambridge. Today, there are trained 18,000 students, 17% of them - foreigners. In order to be able to study at Cambridge, to be interviewed by the selection committee and provide a certificate of proficiency in English (GCSE-C; IELTS 6-7; TOEFL 600/250). Cost of training varies from 9 thousand. Pounds for theoretical courses and 22 thousand - for a course in clinical practice. Additionally, students pay a fee for financial support to college - from 3 to 4 thousand pounds, the exact amount depends on the particular college. Living expenses will not exceed 7,000. There is an opportunity to receive a grant from the university, but their quantity is limited. Rector of Cambridge - Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Vice-Rector - Professor Alison Richard. Research specialties: chemical engineering, computer science; engineering; industrial engineering; mathematics medicine science, veterinary medicine. Humanities specialty: the Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic culture of Archaeology and Anthropology, Architecture, antique classics, economics, education, English, geography, history, art history, land management, law, linguistics, management, modern and medieval languages, music; Eastern culture, philosophy, social and political sciences, religion and theology. More than half of the students prefer to study in humanities. Cambridge scientists have received 82 Nobel prizes since 1904 - 29 in physics, 23 in Medicine, 19 - in chemistry, 7 - the economy, and 2 - in the category of literature and for peace.

1. History of the University

According to historians, the earliest written mention of this city belongs to the 730. But it is possible that it existed before. Initially, in the so-called Castle Hill, is now located near the city center, there was a small Roman settlement. In all likelihood, it was called Durolipons. The settlement that was pretty important trading port, being the main point of navigation on the river Grant (Granta), as well as the most convenient place for her crossing. Celtic name of the river Rea (water) still remained on some maps as "Who or river Rea. Since over time the name of the river has changed, changed and city names. Thus Grantebryge became Chambridge.V VII century on the site of a Roman settlement, a new, named Grantaceastr. The first bridge across the river Grant, by the researchers, was built by the Anglo-Saxon King Offa in the second half of the VIII century. Name another settlement, which was located nearby, just down the river, the story to us is not denounced. It is only known that they were both in the IX century, during the reign of Mercia, were united in a city called Grantebryge (Grantebryge). By this time the city had already been turned into a defensive point. Network of similar fortifications was established Anglo-Saxon King Alfred to protect against the Vikings. In 874 to Grantebrydge approached an army led by the Danish king Godrumom, Ostsiteloy and Envindom which, together with a small number of troops remained in the city for almost a year. A few years later the town de jure came under the control of the Danish kingdom, which lasted 40 years. And after 7 years, he took the oath of allegiance to the English king Edward the Elder. But already in 1010 by the Danes, and never got over the loss of the city, made a second attempt to gain Grantebryge. It was sad for the residents of the city as the invaders burned it almost completely.

New page in the history of the city was opened during the Norman invasion. In 1066, the Battle of Hastings, after the defeat of British troops killed in battle and King Harold II, the Norman Duke William became king of England William I the Conqueror. The Normans, introducing a new administrative board, was appointed first sheriff of the city Pico (sheriff - appointed by the supreme authority of the officer who performs in his custody areas of administrative and police functions). He began by saying that blew about 30 town houses, and built this place your own lock. Up until 1101, when King Henry I granted the town the right to collect the most taxes to the royal treasury, the people constantly fought to get rid of power sheriffs. The fact that they used to, charging the name of the king taxes, increase the fixed amount, taking into account their own needs, but about the law and order were concerned less. Finally of administrative control city sheriff was only released in the XIII century. ............